Subvenciones relacionadas:
General
Se investigan los procesos que conducen a la formación de estrellas de baja masa, enanas marrones y exoplanetas y caracterizar las propiedades físicas de estos astros en varias etapas evolutivas. Las estrellas de muy baja masa y las enanas marrones son probablemente los objetos más numerosos de nuestra Galaxia, pero no por ello están suficientemente bien establecidas sus propiedades. En particular, los objetos subestelares constituyen uno de los grupos más difíciles de estudiar desde el punto de vista observacional dada su baja luminosidad intrínseca. Se pretende establecer la frecuencia, multiplicidad y distribución espacial de estrellas ultrafrías y objetos subestelares en la vecindad del Sol y en regiones de formación estelar y cúmulos cercanos con el fin de proporcionar información sobre los mecanismos que los originan, caracterizar sus propiedades ópticas e infrarrojas, y establecer relaciones entre sus propiedades espectrales, masas y luminosidades. Se hace especial énfasis en empujar la frontera de detección hacia los objetos de menor masa, bien sea como objetos ligados por atracción gravitatoria a otros, o flotando libremente en el espacio interestelar. Los objetos menos masivos también suelen ser los de menor luminosidad intrínseca y temperaturas superficiales más frías por lo que entrañan notable dificultad de detección por medio de imagen directa. Sin embargo, la detección directa permite una caracterización fotométrica y espectroscópica mucho más completa y una mejor determinación de sus propiedades físicas y químicas. También se pretende investigar la presencia de exoplanetas en estrellas de baja masa empleando técnicas de medida de velocidad radial con muy alta precisión y técnicas de muy alta resolución espacial. Se trabaja en el desarrollo de espectrógrafos ultraestables para grandes telescopios y de sistemas de imagen ultrarrápida. Con los primeros es posible lograr la detección de planetas con masas similares a la de la Tierra en estrellas de tipos G, K y M un objetivo que se persigue es establecer la frecuencia de estos planetas en las estrellas de la vecindad solar y caracterizar las propiedades de los sistemas planetarios a los que pertenecen.
Miembros
Resultados
- La secuencia visible y infrarroja de las enanas de tipo L de 10 Myr de edad en la asociación OB mas cercana al Sol, Upper Scorpius
- El limite estelar/subestelar del cumulo más cercano al Sol, las Hiades
Actividad científica
Publicaciones relacionadas
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ESPRESSO at VLT. On-sky performance and first resultsContext. ESPRESSO is the new high-resolution spectrograph of ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT). It was designed for ultra-high radial-velocity (RV) precision and extreme spectral fidelity with the aim of performing exoplanet research and fundamental astrophysical experiments with unprecedented precision and accuracy. It is able to observe with anyPepe, F. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
Strong Hα emission in the young planetary mass companion 2MASS J0249-0557 cAims: Our objective is the optical and near-infrared spectroscopic characterisation of 2MASS J0249-0557 c, a recently discovered young planetary mass companion to the β Pictoris (~25 Myr) member 2MASS J0249-0557. Methods: Using the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy Hemisphere Survey and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) dataChinchilla, P. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
Ultracool dwarfs in deep extragalactic surveys using the virtual observatory: ALHAMBRA and COSMOSUltracool dwarfs (UCDs) encompass a wide variety of compact stellar-like objects with spectra classified as late-M, L, T, and Y. Most of them have been discovered using wide-field imaging surveys. The Virtual Observatory (VO) has proven to be of great utility to efficiently exploit these astronomical resources. We aim to validate a VO methodologySolano, E. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
Measuring and characterizing the line profile of HARPS with a laser frequency combAims: We study the 2D spectral line profile of the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS), measuring its variation with position across the detector and with changing line intensity. The characterization of the line profile and its variations are important for achieving the precision of the wavelength scales of 10 -10 or 3.0 cm s -1Zhao, F. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
Atmospheric Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and transmission spectroscopy of WASP-121b with ESPRESSOContext. Ultra-hot Jupiters are excellent laboratories for the study of exoplanetary atmospheres. WASP-121b is one of the most studied; many recent analyses of its atmosphere report interesting features at different wavelength ranges. Aims: In this paper we analyze one transit of WASP-121b acquired with the high-resolution spectrograph ESPRESSO atBorsa, F. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
An enhanced slope in the transmission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-104bWe present the optical transmission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-104b based on one transit observed by the blue and red channels of the Double Spectrograph (DBSP) at the Palomar 200-inch telescope and 14 transits observed by the MuSCAT2 four-channel imager at the 1.52-m Telescopio Carlos Sánchez. We also analyse 45 additional K2 transits, afterChen, G. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12021 -
TOI-519 b: A short-period substellar object around an M dwarf validated using multicolour photometry and phase curve analysisContext. We report the discovery of TOI-519 b (TIC 218795833), a transiting substellar object (R = 1.07 R Jup) orbiting a faint M dwarf (V = 17.35) on a 1.26 d orbit. Brown dwarfs and massive planets orbiting M dwarfs on short-period orbits are rare, but more have already been discovered than expected from planet formation models. TOI-519 is aParviainen, H. et al.
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12021 -
WASP-127b: a misaligned planet with a partly cloudy atmosphere and tenuous sodium signature seen by ESPRESSOContext. The study of exoplanet atmospheres is essential for understanding the formation, evolution, and composition of exoplanets. The transmission spectroscopy technique is playing a significant role in this domain. In particular, the combination of state-of-the-art spectrographs at low- and high-spectral resolution is key to our understanding ofAllart, R. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122020 -
HADES RV programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XII. The abundance signature of M dwarf stars with planetsContext. Most of our current knowledge on planet formation is still based on the analysis of main sequence, solar-type stars. Conversely, detailed chemical studies of large samples of M dwarfs hosting planets are still missing. Aims: Correlations exist between the presence of different types of planets around FGK stars and metallicity, individualMaldonado, J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122020 -
Broadband transmission spectroscopy of HD 209458b with ESPRESSO: evidence for Na, TiO, or bothContext. The detection and characterization of exoplanet atmospheres is currently one of the main drivers pushing the development of new observing facilities. In this context, high-resolution spectrographs are proving their potential and showing that high-resolution spectroscopy will be paramount in this field. Aims: We aim to make use of ESPRESSOSantos, N. C. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122020 -
The solar gravitational redshift from HARPS-LFC Moon spectra⋆. A test of the general theory of relativityContext. The general theory of relativity predicts the redshift of spectral lines in the solar photosphere as a consequence of the gravitational potential of the Sun. This effect can be measured from a solar disk-integrated flux spectrum of the Sun's reflected light on Solar System bodies. Aims: The laser frequency comb (LFC) calibration systemGonzález Hernández, J. I. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
112020 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Rubidium abundances in nearby cool starsDue to their ubiquity and very long main-sequence lifetimes, abundance determinations in M dwarfs provide a powerful and alternative tool to GK dwarfs to study the formation and chemical enrichment history of our Galaxy. In this study, abundances of the neutron-capture elements Rb, Sr, and Zr are derived, for the first time, in a sample of nearby MAbia, C. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Three temperate-to-warm super-EarthsWe announce the discovery of two planets orbiting the M dwarfs GJ 251 (0.360 ± 0.015M ☉) and HD 238090 (0.578 ± 0.021M ☉) based on CARMENES radial velocity (RV) data. In addition, we independently confirm with CARMENES data the existence of Lalande 21185 b, a planet that has recently been discovered with the SOPHIE spectrograph. All three planetsStock, S. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
112020 -
Discriminating between hazy and clear hot-Jupiter atmospheres with CARMENESContext. Relatively large radii of some hot Jupiters observed in the ultraviolet and blue-optical are generally interpreted to be due to Rayleigh scattering by high-altitude haze particles. However, the haze composition and its production mechanisms are not fully understood, and observational information is still limited. Aims: We aim to study theSánchez-López, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
112020 -
K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonanceThis paper reports on the detailed characterization of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry, as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (log g = 4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quietMortier, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
Discovery of a hot, transiting, Earth-sized planet and a second temperate, non-transiting planet around the M4 dwarf GJ 3473 (TOI-488)We present the confirmation and characterisation of GJ 3473 b (G 50-16, TOI-488.01), a hot Earth-sized planet orbiting an M4 dwarf star, whose transiting signal (P = 1.1980035 ± 0.0000018 d) was first detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Through a joint modelling of follow-up radial velocity observations with CARMENES, IRDKemmer, J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two planets on opposite sides of the radius gap transiting the nearby M dwarf LTT 3780We present the discovery and characterisation of two transiting planets observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) orbiting the nearby (d ⋆ ≈ 22 pc), bright (J ≈ 9 mag) M3.5 dwarf LTT 3780 (TOI-732). We confirm both planets and their association with LTT 3780 via ground-based photometry and determine their masses using preciseNowak, G. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
Obliquity measurement and atmospheric characterisation of the WASP-74 planetary systemWe present new transit observations of the hot Jupiter WASP-74 b (T eq ~ 1860 K) using the high-resolution spectrograph HARPS-N and the multi-colour simultaneous imager MuSCAT2. We refined the orbital properties of the planet and its host star and measured its obliquity for the first time. The measured sky-projected angle between the stellar spinLuque, R. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. A deep learning approach to determine fundamental parameters of target starsExisting and upcoming instrumentation is collecting large amounts of astrophysical data, which require efficient and fast analysis techniques. We present a deep neural network architecture to analyze high-resolution stellar spectra and predict stellar parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and rotational velocityPassegger, V. M. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020 -
A precise architecture characterization of the π Mensae planetary system★Context. The bright star π Men was chosen as the first target for a radial velocity follow-up to test the performance of ESPRESSO, the new high-resolution spectrograph at the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. The star hosts a multi-planet system (a transiting 4 M ⊕ planet at ~0.07 au and a sub-stellar companion on a ~2100-dayDamasso, M. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
102020