Introduction Hera is ESA's first planetary defense mission designed to characterize the binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos [1]. Its secondary component, Dimorphos, was the target of the large-scale controlled collision with the NASA/DART spacecraft in September 2022 [2]. Thus, the Hera mission will provide an unprecedented opportunity to

Most current and planned near-Earth objects (NEO) surveys are made with ground-based telescopes and carried out in the visible wavelength range. However, this approach has some limitations, such as (1) weather dependency, (2) only a portion of the night sky is visible from any given location on Earth, (3) NEOs are difficult to detect at low

ESPRESSO is the VLT ultra-stable high-resolution spectrograph, developed by institutions from Switzerland, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and ESO, located in the combined Coudé Lab of the VLT at ESO, and is able to operate either using one 8.2m-VLT UT or simultaneously with the four VLT UTs. ESPRESSO started routine operations in October 2018 at ESO, and

In December 2020, the Hayabusa2/JAXA mission returned to Earth ~5.4g of primitive material from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu. Since their return, the samples are stored and analysed in the ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science) Curation Facility. All the analyses in the Curation Facility are conducted under clean and

We present cosmological constraints from the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered and measured during the full 5 yr of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) SN program. In contrast to most previous cosmological samples, in which SNe are classified based on their spectra, we classify the DES SNe using a machine learning algorithm applied to their

Giant planets have numerous moons with various origins and evolutionary paths. During their formation, they had disks of material, whereas regular satellites formed similarly to planetesimals in the solar disk. During their migration, they also captured objects in their orbits, known as irregular satellites. Iapetus is Saturn's third largest and