Context. The measurement of the tiny temporal evolution in the redshift of distant objects, the redshift drift, is a powerful probe of universal expansion and cosmology. Aims. We performed the first steps towards the measurement of such an effect using the Lyman-α forest in the spectra of bright quasars as a tracer of cosmological expansion. Our

Galaxy evolution is largely driven by star formation activity or by the cessation of it, also called star formation quenching. In this paper, we present fundamental star formation scaling relations for groups of galaxies at different evolutionary stages. To do so, we used the integrated Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution (iEDGE), which

Studying galaxy evolution requires knowledge not only of the stellar properties, but also of the interstellar medium (in particular the molecular phase) out of which stars form, using a statistically significant and unbiased sample of galaxies. To this end, we introduce here the integrated Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution (iEDGE), a

We compare the internal stellar structures of central galaxies in the TNG50 and TNG100 simulations and field galaxies in the CALIFA survey. The luminosity fractions of the dynamically cold, warm, and hot components in both TNG50 and TNG100 galaxies exhibit general consistency with those observed in CALIFA galaxies. For example, they all exhibit a

We present the polarization spectra of the nucleus of 3C 270. We confirm that the polarization angles of both the continuum and the emission lines are close to perpendicular to the jet direction after careful correction of interstellar polarization, which indicates polar scattering. The Stokes flux spectrum resembles the total flux spectrum, with

We survey 223 916 auroral records from the Northern hemisphere observed between 1650 January and 2024 July, making full allowance for the secular change in the geomagnetic field. We generate criteria for defining extreme auroral events that are met on 0.015 per cent and 0.023 per cent of nights since 1650 and 1790, respectively. After discussing