General
Los objetivos genéricos de este Proyecto son: 1) el estudio de la estructura y dinámica del interior solar, 2) la extensión de dicho estudio al caso de otras estrellas, 3) la búsqueda y caracterización de planetas extrasolares por métodos fotométricos (principalmente mediante el método de tránsitos) y espectroscópico (variaciones en la velocidad radial de la estrella) y 4) el análisis de las atmósferas de estos planetas.
Para el primer objetivo se utiliza la heliosismología tanto global (la que se obtiene de los modos propios de oscilación) como la local (que deriva del estudio de ondas viajeras). La sismología solar permite inferir de modo preciso información acerca de la estructura y dinámicas internas del Sol. El presente proyecto cubre las distintas facetas necesarias para alcanzar dicho objetivo, desde la instrumental, pasando por la observacional, técnicas de reducción, análisis e interpretación de los datos, así como el desarrollo de técnicas teóricas de inversión y elaboración de modelos de estructura y evolución.
Por otro lado, la astrosismología pretende obtener un conocimiento similar en otras estrellas. Hoy en día esta rama de la astrofísica está produciendo un gran número de resultados gracias a la enorme cantidad de estrellas observadas por las misiones espaciales CoRoT, Kepler y TESS, siendo posible extraer información sobre la estructura y dinámica de cientos de estrellas, tanto de tipo solar como de gigantes rojas. Todo ello se verá complementado con el desarrollo de la red SONG (Stellar Observations Network Group), una batería de telescopio en Tierra dotados con espectrógrafos.
La estrategia de utilización de tránsitos planetarios para descubrir la existencia de planetas alrededor de otras estrellas, consiste en la detección fotométrica de disminuciones de brillo de una estrella cuando uno de sus planetas está pasando entre ella y el observador. Actualmente esta metodología es la preferida para la investigación de planetas pequeños, no sólo por su sensibilidad sino también porque permite llevar a cabo estudios relativamente detallados de los planetas descubiertos. Esta tecnología es similar a la que se utiliza en helio y astrosismología por lo que se puede entender como una extensión lógica de lo aprendido con los anteriores objetivos. Por otro lado, es importante desarrollar algoritmos y métodos observacionales para la detección inequívoca y el análisis de los planetas, distinguiéndolos de los que resultan ser falsas alarmas.
El panorama actual para los estudios de exoplanetas involucra nuevas misiones espaciales como CHEOPS y TESS que serán seguidos por JWST y en 2026, PLATO. Por lo tanto, se abre una ventana temporal en la que los observatorios terrestres pueden complementar estos datos. Para ello seguimos llevando a cabo observaciones usando principalmente TNG, NOT, GTC.
Miembros
Resultados
- Miembros del grupo (P. G. Beck, H. Deeg, S. Mathur, F. Pérez, C. Régulo) estuvieron involucrados en el descubrimiento y caracterización de un "Saturno caliente" que hospeda la estrella HD 89345 observada con la misión K2 y confirmada con medidas de VR. El análisis sísmico permitió obtener estimaciones precisas de los parámetros estelares.
- P.G.Beck dirigió dos artículos sobre binarias con gigantes rojas, usando técnicas astrosimológicas para mejorar la comprensión de su estructura y efectos de marea. También se estudio la mezcla de material en su interior midiendo abundancias de Litio.
- S. Mathur participó en el análisis del primer planeta descubierto por la misión TESS, que orbita la estrella Pi Men. El análisis sísmico condujo a una detección marginal pero dió una pista del potencial uso de la astrosismología con TESS (Gandolfi et al. 2018).
- Proyecto "Solar-SONG". Por vez primera se ha utilizado instrumentación estelar (espectrógrafo SONG) para obtener medidas precisas de la velocidad radial del Sol con alta cadencia temporal (4 s.) y duración suficiente (57 días consecutivos) como para permitir el estudio detallado del espectro de oscilaciones (modos-p) y obtener sus parámetros globales
- Los investigadores Hans J. Deeg y Juan Antonio Belmonte coordinaron la edición del libro "Handbook of Exoplanets" con 160 artículos y la participación de más de 300 especialistas. Tres años de trabajo resultaron en una colección completa y actualizada del estudio de los planetas más allá del sistema solar.
Actividad científica
Publicaciones relacionadas
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Non-grey dimming events of KIC 8462852 from GTC spectrophotometryWe report ground-based spectrophotometry of KIC 8462852 obtained during its first dimming events since the end of the Kepler mission. The dimmings show a clear colour signature and are deeper in visual blue than in red wavelengths. The wavelength dependency of the flux loss can be described with an absorption Ångström coefficient of 2.19 ± 0.45Deeg, H. J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22018 -
The First Post-Kepler Brightness Dips of KIC 8462852We present a photometric detection of the first brightness dips of the unique variable star KIC 8462852 since the end of the Kepler space mission in 2013 May. Our regular photometric surveillance started in 2015 October, and a sequence of dipping began in 2017 May continuing on through the end of 2017, when the star was no longer visible from EarthBoyajian, T. S. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12018 -
The Influence of Metallicity on Stellar Differential Rotation and Magnetic ActivityObservations of Sun-like stars over the past half-century have improved our understanding of how magnetic dynamos, like that responsible for the 11 yr solar cycle, change with rotation, mass, and age. Here we show for the first time how metallicity can affect a stellar dynamo. Using the most complete set of observations of a stellar cycle everKaroff, C. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
12018 -
Photospheric activity of the Sun with VIRGO and GOLF. Comparison with standard activity proxiesWe study the variability of solar activity using new photospheric proxies originally developed for the analysis of stellar magnetism with the CoRoT and Kepler photometric observations. These proxies were obtained by tracking the temporal modulations in the observations associated with the spots and magnetic features as the Sun rotates. We analyzedSalabert, D. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122017 -
Asteroseismic masses of retired planet-hosting A-stars using SONGTo better understand how planets form, it is important to study planet occurrence rates as a function of stellar mass. However, estimating masses of field stars is often difficult. Over the past decade, a controversy has arisen about the inferred occurrence rate of gas-giant planets around evolved intermediate-mass stars - the so-called `retired AStello, D. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122017 -
Search for rings and satellites around the exoplanet CoRoT-9b using Spitzer photometryUsing Spitzer photometry at 4.5 microns, we search for rings and satellites around the long period transiting planet CoRoT-9b. We observed two transits in 2010 and 2011. From their non-detection, we derive upper limits on the plausible physical characteristics of these objects in the planet environment. We show that a satellite larger than about 2Lecavelier des Etangs, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
72017 -
Asymptotic g modes: Evidence for a rapid rotation of the solar coreContext. Over the past 40 years, helioseismology has been enormously successful in the study of the solar interior. A shortcoming has been the lack of a convincing detection of the solar g modes, which are oscillations driven by gravity and are hidden in the deepest part of the solar body - its hydrogen-burning core. The detection of g modes isFossat, E. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
82017 -
Atmospheric Extinction Coefficients in the Ic Band for Several Major International Observatories: Results from the BiSON Telescopes, 1984-2016Over 30 years of solar data have been acquired by the Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON), an international network of telescopes used to study oscillations of the Sun. Five of the six BiSON telescopes are located at major observatories. The observational sites are, in order of increasing longitude: Mount Wilson (Hale) Observatory (MWO)Hale, S. J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
92017 -
On the signatures of flare-induced global waves in the Sun: GOLF and VIRGO observationsRecently, several efforts have been made to identify the seismic signatures of flares and magnetic activity in the Sun and Sun-like stars. In this work, we have analysed the disc-integrated velocity and intensity observations of the Sun obtained from the Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies (GOLF) and Variability of solar IRradiance and GravityJiménez, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
112017 -
A deeper view of the CoRoT-9 planetary system. A small non-zero eccentricity for CoRoT-9b likely generated by planet-planet scatteringCoRoT-9b is one of the rare long-period (P = 95.3 days) transiting giant planets with a measured mass known to date. We present a new analysis of the CoRoT-9 system based on five years of radial-velocity (RV) monitoring with HARPS and three new space-based transits observed with CoRoT and Spitzer. Combining our new data with already publishedSanterne, A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
72017 -
Limits to the presence of transiting circumbinary planets in CoRoT DataAims: During its flight phase, from 2007-2012, the CoRoT mission delivered light curves for over 2000 eclipsing binaries. Data from the Kepler mission have proven the existence of several transiting circumbinary planets. While light curves from CoRoT typically have lower precision and shorter coverage, the number of CoRoT targets is similar to thatAlmenara, J. M. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
62017 -
Evidence of chaotic modes in the analysis of four δ Scuti starsContext. Since CoRoT observations unveiled the very low amplitude modes that form a flat plateau in the power spectrum structure of δ Scuti stars, the nature of this phenomenon, including the possibility of spurious signals due to the light curve analysis, has been a matter of long-standing scientific debate. Aims: We contribute to this debate byBarceló-Forteza, S. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
52017 -
Kepler observations of the asteroseismic binary HD 176465Binary star systems are important for understanding stellar structure and evolution, and are especially useful when oscillations can be detected and analysed with asteroseismology. However, only four systems are known in which solar-like oscillations are detected in both components. Here, we analyse the fifth such system, HD 176465, which wasWhite, T. R. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
52017 -
Kepler sheds new and unprecedented light on the variability of a blue supergiant: Gravity waves in the O9.5Iab star HD 188209Stellar evolution models are most uncertain for evolved massive stars. Asteroseismology based on high-precision uninterrupted space photometry has become a new way to test the outcome of stellar evolution theory and was recently applied to a multitude of stars, but not yet to massive evolved supergiants.Our aim is to detect, analyse and interpretAerts, C. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
62017 -
Internal rotation of 13 low-mass low-luminosity red giants in the Kepler fieldContext. The Kepler space telescope has provided time series of red giants of such unprecedented quality that a detailed asteroseismic analysis becomes possible. For a limited set of about a dozen red giants, the observed oscillation frequencies obtained by peak-bagging together with the most recent pulsation codes allowed us to reliably determineTriana, S. A. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
62017 -
CoRoT 223992193: Investigating the variability in a low-mass, pre-main sequence eclipsing binary with evidence of a circumbinary diskCoRoT 223992193 is the only known low-mass, pre-main sequence eclipsing binary that shows evidence of a circumbinary disk. The system displays complex photometric and spectroscopic variability over a range of timescales and wavelengths. Using two optical CoRoT runs from 2008 and 2011/2012 (spanning 23 and 39 days), along with infrared Spitzer 3.6Gillen, E. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22017 -
First Results from the Hertzsprung SONG Telescope: Asteroseismology of the G5 Subgiant Star μ HerculisWe report the first asteroseismic results obtained with the Hertzsprung Stellar Observations Network Group Telescope from an extensive high-precision radial-velocity observing campaign of the subgiant μ Herculis. The data set was collected during 215 nights in 2014 and 2015. We detected a total of 49 oscillation modes with l values from zero toGrundahl, F. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
22017 -
TEE, an estimator for the precision of eclipse and transit minimum timesContext. Transit or eclipse timing variations have proven to be a valuable tool in exoplanet research. However, no simple way to estimate the potential precision of such timing measures has been presented yet, nor are guidelines available regarding the relation between timing errors and sampling rate. Aims: A timing error estimator (TEE) equationDeeg, H. J. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
32017 -
Asteroseismology of Solar-Type Stars with K2: Detection of Oscillations in C1 DataWe present the first detections by the NASA K2 mission of oscillations in solar-type stars, using short-cadence data collected during K2 Campaign 1 (C1). We understand the asteroseismic detection thresholds for C1-like levels of photometric performance, and we can detect oscillations in subgiants having dominant oscillation frequencies around 1000Lund, M. N. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
112015 -
Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission⋆. XXVIII. CoRoT-33b, an object in the brown dwarf desert with 2:3 commensurability with its host starWe report the detection of a rare transiting brown dwarf with a mass of 59 MJup and radius of 1.1 RJup around the metal-rich, [Fe/H] = +0.44, G9V star CoRoT-33. The orbit is eccentric (e = 0.07) with a period of 5.82 d. The companion, CoRoT-33b, is thus a new member in the so-called brown dwarf desert. The orbital period is within 3% to a 3:2Csizmadia, Sz. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
122015