Subvenciones relacionadas:
General
El objetivo general de este proyecto es determinar y estudiar las variaciones espaciales y espectrales en la temperatura del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas y en su Polarización en un amplio rango de escalas angulares que van desde pocos minutos de arco hasta varios grados. Las fluctuaciones primordiales en la densidad de materia, que dieron origen a las estructuras en la distribución de materia del Universo actual, debieron dejar una huella impresa en el Fondo de Microondas en forma de irregularidades en la distribución espacial de su temperatura. Experimentos pioneros como COBE (galardonados dos de sus investigadores principales con el Premio Nobel de Física en 2006) o Tenerife demostraron que el nivel de anisotropía en escalas angulares de varios grados está en torno a una parte en cien mil. La obtención de mapas del Fondo de Microondas en varias frecuencias y con sensibilidad suficiente para detectar estructuras a estos niveles es fundamental para obtener información sobre el espectro de potencias de las fluctuaciones primordiales en densidad, la existencia de un periodo inflacionario en el Universo muy temprano y la naturaleza de la materia y energía oscura. Más recientemente el satélite WMAP ha obtenido mapas del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas que han permitido establecer cotas sobre múltiples parámetros cosmológicos con precisiones mejores que el 10%.
El Proyecto concentra sus esfuerzos en realizar medidas a más alta resolución espacial y sensibilidad que las obtenidas por este satélite. En el pasado se utilizaron con este fin experimentos como Tenerife, el IAC-Bartol o el interferómetro JBO-IAC, todos ellos desde el Observatorio del Teide. Más recientemente, el experimento interferométrico Very Small Array a 33 GHz fue operativo entre 1999 y 2008. Durante este tiempo también realizó observaciones desde el observatorio del Teide el experimento COSMOSOMAS, cuyo objetivo era, además de la medida de las anisotropías del CMB, la caracterización de los contaminantes galácticos.
En los últimos 10 la actividad de este proyecto se ha centrado en la explotación científica de los datos del satélite Planck, y en la construcción, la operación y la explotación científica de los datos del experimento QUIJOTE. En la actualidad, una vez el proyecto Planck ha finalizado, la actividad se centra en la explotación científica de QUIJOTE, en el desarrollo y construcción de nueva instrumentación para el proyecto QUIJOTE, y en el desarrollo de nuevos experimentos que están siendo o que serán próximamente instalados en el Observatorio del Teide: GroundBIRD, LSPE-STRIP y TMS.
Miembros
Resultados
- 6-7 de junio: XV reunión científica del Consorcio QUIJOTE (IFCA, Santander)
- Julio: publicación de los resultados (12 artículos) y de los datos finales del satélite Planck.
- 15-19 de octubre: Congreso "CMB foregrounds for B-mode studies", dentro del proyecto Radioforegrounds, IV AME workshop, y XVI reunión científica del Consorcio QUIJOTE (todos estos eventos celebrados en el IAC).
- Octubre: instalación el observatorio del Teide de la cúpula de GroundBIRD.
- Diciembre: aceptación del tercer artículo científico de QUIJOTE (Poidevin et al. 2019)
Actividad científica
Publicaciones relacionadas
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Planck 2013 results. VI. High Frequency Instrument data processingWedescribe the processing of the 531 billion raw data samples from the High Frequency Instrument (HFI), which we performed to produce six temperature maps from the first 473 days of Planck-HFI survey data. These maps provide an accurate rendition of the sky emission at 100, 143, 217, 353, 545, and 857GHz with an angular resolution ranging from 9.´7Planck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XIV. Zodiacal emissionThe Planck satellite provides a set of all-sky maps at nine frequencies from 30 GHz to 857 GHz. Planets, minor bodies, and diffuse interplanetary dust emission (IPD) are all observed. The IPD can be separated from Galactic and other emissions because Planck views a given point on the celestial sphere multiple times, through different columns of IPDPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XVIII. The gravitational lensing-infrared background correlationThe multi-frequency capability of the Planck satellite provides information both on the integrated history of star formation (via the cosmic infrared background, or CIB) and on the distribution of dark matter (via the lensing effect on the cosmic microwave background, or CMB). The conjunction of these two unique probes allows us to measure directlyPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXV. Searches for cosmic strings and other topological defectsPlanck data have been used to provide stringent new constraints on cosmic strings and other defects. We describe forecasts of the CMB power spectrum induced by cosmic strings, calculating these from network models and simulations using line-of-sight Boltzmann solvers. We have studied Nambu-Goto cosmic strings, as well as field theory strings forPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXVI. Background geometry and topology of the UniverseThe new cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from Planck provide the highest-quality full-sky view of the surface of last scattering available to date. This allows us to detect possible departures from the standard model of a globally homogeneous and isotropic cosmology on the largest scales. We search for correlations induced by aPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific resultsThe European Space Agency’s Planck satellite, dedicated to studying the early Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched 14 May 2009 and has been scanning the microwave and submillimetre sky continuously since 12 August 2009. In March 2013, ESA and the Planck Collaboration released the initial cosmology products based on the first 15.5Planck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. II. Low Frequency Instrument data processingWe describe the data processing pipeline of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) data processing centre (DPC) to create and characterize full-sky maps based on the first 15.5 months of operations at 30, 44, and 70 GHz. In particular, we discuss the various steps involved in reducing the data, from telemetry packets through to the production ofPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. III. LFI systematic uncertaintiesWe present the current estimate of instrumental and systematic effect uncertainties for the Planck-Low Frequency Instrument relevant to the first release of the Planck cosmological results. We give an overview of the main effects and of the tools and methods applied to assess residuals in maps and power spectra. We also present an overall budget ofPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. IV. Low Frequency Instrument beams and window functionsThis paper presents the characterization of the in-flight beams, the beam window functions, and the associated uncertainties for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI). Knowledge of the beam profiles is necessary for determining the transfer function to go from the observed to the actual sky anisotropy power spectrum. The main beam distortionsPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. V. LFI calibrationWe discuss the methods employed to photometrically calibrate the data acquired by the Low Frequency Instrument on Planck. Our calibration is based on a combination of the orbital dipole plus the solar dipole, caused respectively by the motion of the Planck spacecraft with respect to the Sun and by motion of the solar system with respect to thePlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emissionThis paper presents an all-sky model of dust emission from the Planck 353, 545, and 857 GHz, and IRAS 100 μm data. Using a modified blackbody fit to the data we present all-sky maps of the dust optical depth, temperature, and spectral index over the 353-3000 GHz range. This model is a good representation of the IRAS and Planck data at 5' betweenPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XII. Diffuse component separationPlanck has produced detailed all-sky observations over nine frequency bands between 30 and 857 GHz. These observations allow robust reconstruction of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations over nearly the full sky, as well as new constraints on Galactic foregrounds, including thermal dust and line emission fromPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XIII. Galactic CO emissionRotational transition lines of CO play a major role in molecular radio astronomy as a mass tracer and in particular in the study of star formation and Galactic structure. Although a wealth of data exists for the Galactic plane and some well-known molecular clouds, there is no available high sensitivity all-sky survey of CO emission to date. SuchPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XV. CMB power spectra and likelihoodThis paper presents the Planck 2013 likelihood, a complete statistical description of the two-point correlation function of the CMB temperature fluctuations that accounts for all known relevant uncertainties, both instrumental and astrophysical in nature. We use this likelihood to derive our best estimate of the CMB angular power spectrum fromPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parametersThis paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter λCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum ofPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structureOn the arcminute angular scales probed by Planck, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are gently perturbed by gravitational lensing. Here we present a detailed study of this effect, detecting lensing independently in the 100, 143, and 217 GHz frequency bands with an overall significance of greater than 25σ. We use thetemperaturePlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflationWe analyse the implications of the Planck data for cosmic inflation. The Planck nominal mission temperature anisotropy measurements, combined with the WMAP large-angle polarization, constrain the scalar spectral index to be ns = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, ruling out exact scale invariance at over 5σ.Planck establishes an upper bound on the tensor-to-scalarPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXIII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMBThe two fundamental assumptions of the standard cosmological model – that the initial fluctuations are statistically isotropic and Gaussian – are rigorously tested using maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy from the Planck satellite. The detailed results are based on studies of four independent estimates of the CMB that arePlanck Collaboration et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXIV. Constraints on primordial non-GaussianityThe Planck nominal mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps yield unprecedented constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). Using three optimal bispectrum estimators, separable template-fitting (KSW), binned, and modal, we obtain consistent values for the primordial local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes, quoting as ourAde, P. A. R. et al.
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Planck 2013 results. XXVII. Doppler boosting of the CMB: Eppur si muoveOur velocity relative to the rest frame of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) generates a dipole temperature anisotropy on the sky which has been well measured for more than 30 years, and has an accepted amplitude of v/c = 1.23 × 10-3, or v = 369. In addition to this signal generated by Doppler boosting of the CMB monopole, our motion alsoPlanck Collaboration et al.
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Charlas relacionadas
No se han encontrado charlas relacionadas.Congresos relacionados
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XIX Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics "The Cosmic Microwave | Background: from quantum fluctuations to the present Universe"Tenerife, Canary IslandsEspañaFecha-Anteriores