The origin of the planetary nebula M 1-16. A morpho-kinematic and chemical analysis

Gómez-Muñoz, M. A.; Vázquez, R.; Sabin, L.; Olguín, L.; Guillén, P. F.; Zavala, S.; Michel, R.
Referencia bibliográfica

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Fecha de publicación:
8
2023
Número de autores
7
Número de autores del IAC
1
Número de citas
3
Número de citas referidas
3
Descripción
We investigated the origin of the Planetary Nebula (PN) M 1-16 using narrow-band optical imaging, and high- and low-resolution optical spectra to perform a detailed morpho-kinematic and chemical studies. M 1-16 is revealed to be a multipolar PN that predominantly emits in [O III] in the inner part of the nebula and [N II] in the lobes. A novel spectral unsharp masking technique was applied to the position-velocity (PV) maps to reveal a set of multiple structures at the centre of M 1-16 spanning radial velocities from −40 km s−1 to 20 km s−1, with respect to the systemic velocity. The morpho-kinematic model indicates that the deprojected velocity of the lobe outflows are ≥100 km s−1, and particularly the larger lobes and knots have a deprojected velocity of ≃350 km s−1; the inner ellipsoidal component has a deprojected velocity of ≃29 km s−1. A kinematical age of ~8700 yr has been obtained from the model assuming a homologous velocity expansion law and a distance of 6.2 ± 1.9 kpc. The chemical analysis indicates that M 1-16 is a Type I PN with a central star of PN (CSPN) mass in the range of ≃0.618 - 0.713 M⊙ and an initial mass for the progenitor star between 2.0 and 3.0 M⊙ (depending on metallicity). An Teff ≃ 140 000 K and log(L/L⊙) = 2.3 was estimated using the 3MdB photoionisation models to reproduce the ionisation. stage of the PN. All of these results have led us to suggest that M 1-16 is an evolved PN, contrary to the scenario of proto-PN suggested in previous studies. We propose that the mechanism responsible for the morphology of M 1-16 is related to the binary (or multiple star) evolution scenario.
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