Bibcode
di Criscienzo, M.; Ventura, P.; D'Antona, F.; Milone, A.; Piotto, G.
Referencia bibliográfica
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 408, Issue 2, pp. 999-1005.
Fecha de publicación:
10
2010
Número de citas
61
Número de citas referidas
56
Descripción
Spectroscopy has shown the presence of CN band dichotomy and Na-O
anticorrelations for 50-70 per cent of the investigated samples in the
cluster 47 Tuc, otherwise considered a `normal' prototype of
high-metallicity clusters from its photometric analysis. These anomalies
are also found in main-sequence stars, suggesting that a consistent
second generation is present in 47 Tuc. Very recently, the reanalysis of
a large number of archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data of the
cluster core has been able to provide evidence of the presence of
structures in the subgiant branch: it has a brighter component with a
spread in magnitude of ~0.06mag and a second one, consisting of about 10
per cent of the stars, a little fainter (by ~0.05mag). These data also
show that the main sequence of the cluster has an intrinsic spread in
colour, which can be interpreted as due to a small spread in helium
abundance.
In this work we examine in detail whether the horizontal-branch
morphology and subgiant structure provide further independent
indications that a real - although very small - helium spread is present
in the cluster. We reanalyse the HST archival data for the horizontal
branch of 47 Tuc, obtaining a sample of ~500 stars with very small
photometric errors, and build a population synthesis based on new models
to show that its particular morphology can be better explained by taking
into account a spread in helium abundance of 2 per cent in mass. The
same variation in helium is able to explain the spread in luminosity of
the subgiant branch, while a small part of the second generation is
characterized by a small C+N+O increase and provides an explanation for
the fainter subgiant branch. We conclude that three photometric features
concur to form the paradigm that a small but real helium spread is
present in a cluster that has no spectacular evidence for multiple
populations like those shown by other massive clusters. This work thus
shows that multiple populations in globular clusters are increasingly
confirmed to be ubiquitous.