Bibcode
Cackett, Edward M.; Wijnands, Rudy; Linares, Manuel; Miller, Jon M.; Homan, Jeroen; Lewin, Walter H. G.
Referencia bibliográfica
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 372, Issue 1, pp. 479-488.
Fecha de publicación:
10
2006
Número de citas
105
Número de citas referidas
96
Descripción
We present Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations that monitor the
neutron star cooling of the quasi-persistent neutron star X-ray
transients KS 1731-260 and MXB 1659-29 for approximately 4 yr after
these sources returned to quiescence from prolonged outbursts. In both
sources the outbursts were long enough to significantly heat the neutron
star crust out of thermal equilibrium with the core. We analyse the
X-ray spectra by fitting absorbed neutron star atmosphere models to the
observations. The results of our analysis strengthen the preliminary
findings of Wijnands et al. that in both sources the neutron star crust
cools down very rapidly suggesting it has a high heat conductivity and
that the neutron star core requires enhanced core cooling processes.
Importantly, we now detect the flattening of the cooling in both sources
as the crust returns to thermal equilibrium with the core. We measure
the thermal equilbrium flux and temperature in both sources by fitting a
curve that decays exponentially to a constant level. The cooling curves
cannot be fit with just a simple exponential decay without the constant
offset. We find the constant bolometric flux and effective temperature
components to be (9.2 +/- 0.9) ×
10-14ergcm-2 s-1 and 70.0 +/- 1.6 eV in
KS 1731-260 and (1.7 +/- 0.3) × 10-14ergcm-2
s-1 and 51.6 +/- 1.4 eV in MXB 1659-29. We note that these
values are dependent on the assumed distance to the sources and the
column density which was tied between the observations due to the low
number of photons in the latter observations. However, importantly, the
shape of the cooling curves is independent of the distance assumed. In
addition, we find that the crust of KS 1731-260 cools faster than that
of MXB 1659-29 by a factor of ~2, likely due to different crustal
properties. This is the first time that the cooling of a neutron star
crust into thermal equilibrium with the core has been observed in such
detail.