The use of non-cryogenic certified commercial electronics for cryogenic applications may be attractive due to their cost and availability, but it also carries risks related to reliability, performance and thermal compatibility. The decision to use commercial components that are not certified for cryogenics instead of components specifically

Inferring the coupling of different atmospheric layers requires observing spectral lines sensitive to the atmospheric parameters, particularly the magnetic field vector, at various heights. The best way to tackle this goal is to perform multi-line observations simultaneously. For instance, the new version of the Gregor Infrared Spectrograph

Large angular scale surveys in the absence of atmosphere are essential for measuring the primordial B-mode power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Since this proposed measurement is about three to four orders of magnitude fainter than the temperature anisotropies of the CMB, in-flight calibration of the instruments and active