The CAFADIS project has developed a new 3D camera based on the plenoptic concept. Phase and depth can be measured at the same time and in real time. In fact, this is a new tomographic sensor for Adaptive Optics. The CAFADIS project has consisted in building a camera to measure wave-front phases and distances under different scenarios (from microns to kilometres), using highly specialised electronic technology, namely Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). CAFADIS employs an optical system and innovative data processing techniques pertaining to the field of artificial vision and image processing. It is a passive method of depth extraction, it uses incoherent light (natural light). The algorithms used have been parallelized, so they are ideal for implementation in state-of-the-art parallel hardware such as GPUs and FPGAs. CAFADIS enables real-time tomography measurements of the medium, thereby providing higher degrees of reliability and financial savings in a number of fields. Most noteworthy cases are atmosphere tomography for astrophysical observations - using adaptive optics in large diameter telescopes (50 or 100 m) - and 3DTV. CAFADIS is capable of tackling any situation requiring precise metrology at high speeds: - 3DTV. CAFADIS is a powerful alternative to the classical stereovision (only needs one optical objective). It guarantees: pixel matching (it takes extra information), high definition depth map and all in focus image, and portability. It can feed an autostereoscopic display in real time. - ADAPTIVE OPTICS. CAFADIS is in fact a tomographic wavefront sensor, useful for astrophysical observations in extremely large telescopes (keck, Grantecan, TMT, EELT). The typical wavefront sensors, Shack-Hartman and pyramid, are only extreme cases of the plenoptic CAFADIS sensor.