Galaxy Evolution in Clusters of Galaxies

Start year
2004
Organizational Unit

Grants related:

    General
    Description

    Galaxies in the universe can be located in different environments, some of them are isolated or in low density regions and they are usually called field galaxies. The others can be located in galaxy associations, going from loose groups to clusters or even superclusters of galaxies. One of the foremost challenges of the modern Astrophysics is to achieve a complete theory about galaxy evolution. This theory should explain the relation between the environment and galaxy evolution. Galaxy clusters are high density environments where galaxies interact one to each other and with the intracluster material (ICM). In addition, the cluster dynamics is driven by the high density and quantity of dark matter present in them. Therefore, galaxy clusters are complex systems with multiple components (galaxies, ICM, dark matter) which are tightly bounded. The mix of all these components, as well as their interactions, makes galaxy clusters ideal laboratories to study the different mechanisms which cause the different evolution of galaxies in this high density environments with respect to field galaxies.

    The objective of this project is to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in these dense environments. The ‘Galaxy Evolution in Clusters’ group intend to understand in what environment each of the mechanisms proposed by numerical simulations to transform the galaxies dominates and how the evolution of the different types of galaxies (both bright and dwarf) occurs in the clusters. Quantifying observationally the efficiency of these mechanisms is not an easy task since many of them act at the same time, they do it in very different time scales, and in diverse regions of the cluster. However, there are some observational evidences that can be directly contrasted: i) morphological and structural distribution of the galaxies of the clusters; ii) luminosity function of galaxies in clusters; iii) diffuse light (quantity and distribution); iv) presence of galactic substructures within the clusters; v) spectro-photometric properties of dwarf and bright galaxies; vi) ICM properties. All these observables provide the necessary information to understand the relationship between environment and galactic evolution. These are the quantities this project aims at measuring for large samples of galaxy clusters.

    Principal investigator
    Project staff
    1. Intrinsic Shape of Galactic Bars. We find, for the first time, that 52% (16%) of bulges are thicker (flatter) than the surrounding bar. We suggest that these percentages might be representative of the fraction of classical and disc-like bulges in our sample, respectively.
    2. The Influence of the Environment in the Star Formation Quenching. Our results indicate that in low-density environments, post-starburst galaxies are formed by gas-rich minor mergers or accretions, whereas for high-density environments PSBs would be produced by the removal of the gas reservoirs of emission line galaxies by ram-pressure stripping.
    3. Morpho-Kinematic Properties of Galactic Bulges. We find that photometric diagnostics to separate different types of bulges (disc-like versus classical) might not be useful for S0 galaxies. Using the morpho-kinematics properties of S0 bulges derived in this paper we suggest that they are mainly formed by dissipational processes happening at high redshift.

    Related publications

    • A photometric analysis of Abell 1689: two-dimensional multistructure decomposition, morphological classification and the Fundamental Plane
      We present a photometric analysis of 65 galaxies in the rich cluster Abell 1689 at z = 0.183, using the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys archive images in the rest-frame V band. We perform two-dimensional multicomponent photometric decomposition of each galaxy adopting different models of the surface-brightness distribution. We
      Dalla Bontà, E. et al.

      Advertised on:

      2
      2018
      Citations
      8
    • Morpho-kinematic properties of field S0 bulges in the CALIFA survey
      We study a sample of 28 S0 galaxies extracted from the integral field spectroscopic (IFS) survey Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area. We combine an accurate two-dimensional (2D) multicomponent photometric decomposition with the IFS kinematic properties of their bulges to understand their formation scenario. Our final sample is representative of
      Méndez-Abreu, J. et al.

      Advertised on:

      2
      2018
      Citations
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    • The ALHAMBRA survey: 2D analysis of the stellar populations in massive early-type galaxies at z < 0.3
      We present a technique that permits the analysis of stellar population gradients in a relatively low-cost way compared to integral field unit (IFU) surveys. We developed a technique to analyze unresolved stellar populations of spatially resolved galaxies based on photometric multi-filter surveys. This technique allows the analysis of vastly larger
      San Roman, I. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2018
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    • CALIFA reveals prolate rotation in massive early-type galaxies: A polar galaxy merger origin?
      We present new evidence for eight early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the CALIFA Survey that show clear rotation around their major photometric axis ("prolate rotation"). These are LSBCF560-04, NGC 0647, NGC 0810, NGC 2484, NGC 4874, NGC 5216, NGC 6173, and NGC 6338. Including NGC 5485, a known case of an ETG with stellar prolate rotation, as well as
      Tsatsi, A. et al.

      Advertised on:

      10
      2017
      Citations
      32
    • Star Formation in the Local Universe from the CALIFA Sample. II. Activation and Quenching Mechanisms in Bulges, Bars, and Disks
      We estimate the current extinction-corrected Hα star formation rate (SFR) of the different morphological components that shape galaxies (bulges, bars, and disks). We use a multicomponent photometric decomposition based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging to Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) datacubes for a
      Catalán-Torrecilla, C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      10
      2017
      Citations
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    • Arm and interarm abundance gradients in CALIFA spiral galaxies
      Spiral arms are the most singular features in disc galaxies. These structures can exhibit different patterns, namely grand design and flocculent arms, with easily distinguishable characteristics. However, their origin and the mechanisms shaping them are unclear. The overall role of spirals in the chemical evolution of disc galaxies is another
      Sánchez-Menguiano, L. et al.

      Advertised on:

      7
      2017
      Citations
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    • Observational hints of radial migration in disc galaxies from CALIFA
      Context. According to numerical simulations, stars are not always kept at their birth galactocentric distances but they have a tendency to migrate. The importance of this radial migration in shaping galactic light distributions is still unclear. However, if radial migration is indeed important, galaxies with different surface brightness (SB)
      Ruiz-Lara, T. et al.

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      7
      2017
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    • Are Fossil Groups Early-forming Galaxy Systems?
      Using the Illustris cosmological simulation, we investigate the origin of fossil groups in the {M}200={10}13{--}{10}13.5 {M}⊙ {h}-1 mass regime. We examine the formation of the two primary features of fossil groups: the large magnitude gap between their two brightest galaxies and their exceptionally luminous brightest group galaxy (BGG). For
      Kundert, A. et al.

      Advertised on:

      8
      2017
      Citations
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    • The redshift evolution of major merger triggering of luminous AGNs: a slight enhancement at z ˜ 2
      Active galactic nuclei (AGNs), particularly the most luminous AGNs, are commonly assumed to be triggered through major mergers; however, observational evidence for this scenario is mixed. To investigate any influence of galaxy mergers on AGN triggering and luminosities through cosmic time, we present a sample of 106 luminous X-ray-selected type 1
      Rowlands, Kate et al.

      Advertised on:

      9
      2017
      Citations
      40
    • Towards a new classification of galaxies: principal component analysis of CALIFA circular velocity curves
      We present a galaxy classification system for 238 (E1-Sdm) CALIFA (Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area) galaxies based on the shapes and amplitudes of their circular velocity curves (CVCs). We infer the CVCs from the de-projected surface brightness of the galaxies, after scaling by a constant mass-to-light ratio based on stellar dynamics -
      Kalinova, V. et al.

      Advertised on:

      8
      2017
      Citations
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    • No evidence for small disk-like bulges in a sample of late-type spirals
      Context. About 20% of low-redshift galaxies are late-type spirals with a small or no bulge component. Although they are the simplest disk galaxies in terms of structure and dynamics, the role of the different physical processes driving their formation and evolution is not yet fully understood. Aims: We investigated whether small bulges of late-type
      Costantin, L. et al.

      Advertised on:

      5
      2017
      Citations
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    • Deep spectroscopy of nearby galaxy clusters - II. The Hercules cluster
      We carried out the deep spectroscopic observations of the nearby cluster A 2151 with AF2/WYFFOS@WHT. The caustic technique enables us to identify 360 members brighter than Mr = -16 and within 1.3R200. We separated the members into subsamples according to photometrical and dynamical properties such as colour, local environment and infall time. The
      Agulli, I. et al.

      Advertised on:

      6
      2017
      Citations
      14
    • Deep spectroscopy in nearby galaxy clusters - III. Orbital structure of galaxies in Abell 85
      Galaxies in clusters are strongly affected by their environment. They evolve according to several physical mechanisms that are active in clusters. Their efficiency can strongly depend on the orbital configuration of the galaxies. Our aim is to analyse the orbits of the galaxies in the cluster Abell 85, based on the study of the galaxy velocity
      Aguerri, J. A. L. et al.

      Advertised on:

      6
      2017
      Citations
      18
    • The ALHAMBRA survey: B-band luminosity function of quiescent and star-forming galaxies at 0.2 ≤ z < 1 by PDF analysis
      Aims: Our goal is to study the evolution of the B-band luminosity function (LF) since z 1 using ALHAMBRA data. Methods: We used the photometric redshift and the I-band selection magnitude probability distribution functions (PDFs) of those ALHAMBRA galaxies with I ≤ 24 mag to compute the posterior LF. We statistically studied quiescent and star
      López-Sanjuan, C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      3
      2017
      Citations
      20
    • Two-dimensional multi-component photometric decomposition of CALIFA galaxies
      We present a two-dimensional multi-component photometric decomposition of 404 galaxies from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area data release 3 (CALIFA-DR3). They represent all possible galaxies with no clear signs of interaction and not strongly inclined in the final CALIFA data release. Galaxies are modelled in the g, r, and i Sloan Digital
      Méndez-Abreu, J. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2017
      Citations
      111
    • Kinematics of Extremely Metal-poor Galaxies: Evidence for Stellar Feedback
      The extremely metal-poor (XMP) galaxies analyzed in a previous paper have large star-forming regions with a metallicity lower than the rest of the galaxy. Such a chemical inhomogeneity reveals the external origin of the metal-poor gas fueling star formation, possibly indicating accretion from the cosmic web. This paper studies the kinematic
      Olmo-García, A. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2017
      Citations
      25
    • Stellar kinematics across the Hubble sequence in the CALIFA survey: general properties and aperture corrections
      We present the stellar kinematic maps of a large sample of galaxies from the integral-field spectroscopic survey CALIFA. The sample comprises 300 galaxies displaying a wide range of morphologies across the Hubble sequence, from ellipticals to late-type spirals. This dataset allows us to homogeneously extract stellar kinematics up to several
      Falcón-Barroso, J. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2017
      Citations
      119
    • A numerical study of interactions and stellar bars
      For several decades, it has been known that stellar bars in disc galaxies can be triggered by interactions, or by internal processes such as dynamical instabilities. In this work, we explore the differences between these two mechanisms using numerical simulations. We perform two groups of simulations based on isolated galaxies, one group in which a
      Martinez-Valpuesta, I. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2017
      Citations
      44
    • A Ks-band-selected catalogue of objects in the ALHAMBRA survey
      The original ALHAMBRA catalogue contained over 400 000 galaxies selected using a synthetic F814W image, to the magnitude limit AB(F814W) ≈ 24.5. Given the photometric redshift depth of the ALHAMBRA multiband data ( = 0.86) and the approximately I-band selection, there is a noticeable bias against red objects at moderate redshift. We avoid this bias
      Nieves-Seoane, L. et al.

      Advertised on:

      2
      2017
      Citations
      5
    • Stellar populations of galaxies in the ALHAMBRA survey up to z ~ 1. I. MUFFIT: A multi-filter fitting code for stellar population diagnostics
      Aims: We present MUFFIT, a new generic code optimized to retrieve the main stellar population parameters of galaxies in photometric multi-filter surveys, and check its reliability and feasibility with real galaxy data from the ALHAMBRA survey. Methods: Making use of an error-weighted χ2-test, we compare the multi-filter fluxes of galaxies with the
      Díaz-García, L. A. et al.

      Advertised on:

      10
      2015
      Citations
      32

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