I n the first decade of t h e 21 st cent u ry , the Egyptian - Spani sh Mission on Arc h a eoastronomy of ancient Egypt performed a detailed sta tistica l analysis of the orientation patterns of the temple s of Pharaonic Egypt , resulting in most interesting outcomes such as t h e justified proposal of seven families of astronomical orientations

Aims: We investigate the properties of a sunspot light bridge, focusing on the changes produced by the impact of a plasma blob ejected from a C-class flare. Methods: We observed a sunspot in active region NOAA 12544 using spectropolarimetric raster maps of the four Fe I lines around 15 655 Å with the GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph, narrow-band

Vulcanism was first detected on Io in 1978 by Voyager 1. Since then it has been recognised that Io is the most volcanically active body in the Solar System. Although the initial volcanic activity observed was in the form of SO[2] geysers and sulphur lakes, the Galileo mission has detected temperatures as high as 1800K on the surface, far in excess

We investigate the assembly histories 56 of galaxy clusters using a pair of cosmological LCDM N-body simulations. We track infalling galaxy subhalos with masses large enough to host 0.1 L* galaxies , and find that the majority of cluster member galaxies experienced no ``pre-processing'' in the group environment prior to their accretion into the

The diffraction-limited observations of the Hinode Spectro-Polarimeter have open exciting possibilities for the analysis of the weak magnetic signals of the solar internetwork (IN). Hinode/SP has demonstrated that the IN is permeated by highly inclined fields with weak flux densities. These observations are important to solve the discrepancy

Aims: We study the observational signature of flux emergence in the photosphere using synthetic data from a 3D MHD simulation of the emergence of a twisted flux tube. Methods: Several stages in the emergence process are considered. At every stage we compute synthetic Stokes spectra of the two iron lines Fe I 6301.5 Å and Fe I 6302.5 Å and degrade