Bibcode
Bonfils, X.; Almenara, J.-M.; Cloutier, R.; Wünsche, A.; Astudillo-Defru, N.; Berta-Thompson, Z.; Bouchy, F.; Charbonneau, D.; Delfosse, X.; Díaz, R. F.; Dittmann, J.; Doyon, R.; Forveille, T.; Irwin, J.; Lovis, C.; Mayor, M.; Menou, K.; Murgas, F.; Newton, E.; Pepe, F.; Santos, N. C.; Udry, S.
Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 618, id.A142, 12 pp.
Advertised on:
10
2018
Journal
Citations
61
Refereed citations
59
Description
The source GJ1132 is a nearby red dwarf known to host a transiting
Earth-size planet. After its initial detection, we pursued an intense
follow-up with the HARPS velocimeter. We now confirm the detection of
GJ1132b with radial velocities alone. We refined its orbital parameters,
and in particular, its mass (mb = 1.66 ± 0.23
M⊕), density (ρb = 6.3 ± 1.3 g
cm-3), and eccentricity (eb < 0.22; 95%). We
also detected at least one more planet in the system. GJ1132c is a
super-Earth with period Pc = 8.93 ± 0.01 days and
minimum mass mc sinic = 2.64 ± 0.44
M⊕. Receiving about 1.9 times more flux than Earth in
our solar system, its equilibrium temperature is that of a temperate
planet (Teq = 230-300 K for albedos A = 0.75 - 0.00), which
places GJ1132c near the inner edge of the so-called habitable zone.
Despite an a priori favorable orientation for the system, Spitzer
observations reject most transit configurations, leaving a posterior
probability <1% that GJ1132c transits. GJ1132(d) is a third signal
with period Pd = 177 ± 5 days attributed to either a
planet candidate with minimum mass md sin id =
8.4-2.5+1.7 M⊕ or stellar
activity. Its Doppler signal is the most powerful in our HARPS time
series but appears on a timescale where either the stellar rotation or a
magnetic cycle are viable alternatives to the planet hypothesis. On the
one hand, the period is different than that measured for the stellar
rotation ( 125 days), and a Bayesian statistical analysis we performed
with a Markov chain Monte Carlo and Gaussian processes demonstrates that
the signal is better described by a Keplerian function than by
correlated noise. On the other hand, periodograms of spectral indices
sensitive to stellar activity show power excess at similar periods to
that of this third signal, and radial velocity shifts induced by stellar
activity can also match a Keplerian function. We, therefore, prefer to
leave the status of GJ1132(d) undecided.
Based on observations made with the HARPS instrument on the ESO 3.6 m
telescope under the program IDs 191.C-0873(A), and 198.C-0838(A), at
Cerro La Silla (Chile).Radial velocity data are only available at the
CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr
(ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/618/A142
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