Bibcode
Nordon, R.; Lutz, D.; Genzel, R.; Berta, S.; Wuyts, S.; Magnelli, B.; Altieri, B.; Andreani, P.; Aussel, H.; Bongiovanni, A.; Cepa, J.; Cimatti, A.; Daddi, E.; Fadda, D.; Förster Schreiber, N. M.; Lagache, G.; Maiolino, R.; Pérez-García, A. M.; Poglitsch, A.; Popesso, P.; Pozzi, F.; Rodighiero, G.; Rosario, D.; Saintonge, A.; Sanchez-Portal, M.; Santini, P.; Sturm, E.; Tacconi, L. J.; Valtchanov, I.; Yan, L.
Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 745, Issue 2, article id. 182 (2012).
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2
2012
Journal
Citations
95
Refereed citations
90
Description
We combine Herschel-Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS)
data from the PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) program with Spitzer 24
μm and 16 μm photometry and ultra deep Infrared Spectrograph (IRS)
mid-infrared spectra to measure the mid- to far-infrared spectral energy
distribution (SED) of 0.7 < z < 2.5 normal star-forming galaxies
(SFGs) around the main sequence (the redshift-dependent relation of star
formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass). Our very deep data confirm from
individual far-infrared detections that z ~ 2 SFRs are overestimated if
based on 24 μm fluxes and SED templates that are calibrated via local
trends with luminosity. Galaxies with similar ratios of rest-frame νL
ν(8) to 8-1000 μm infrared luminosity (LIR) tend to lie
along lines of constant offset from the main sequence. We explore the
relation between SED shape and offset in specific star formation rate
(SSFR) from the redshift-dependent main sequence. Main-sequence galaxies
tend to have a similar νL ν(8)/LIR regardless of LIR
and redshift, up to z ~ 2.5, and νL ν(8)/LIR decreases
with increasing offset above the main sequence in a consistent way at
the studied redshifts. We provide a redshift-independent calibration of
SED templates in the range of 8-60 μm as a function of
Δlog(SSFR) offset from the main sequence. Redshift dependency
enters only through the evolution of the main sequence with time. Ultra
deep IRS spectra match these SED trends well and verify that they are
mostly due to a change in ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
to LIR rather than continua of hidden active galactic nuclei (AGNs).
Alternatively, we discuss the dependence of νL ν(8)/LIR
on LIR. The same νL ν(8)/LIR is reached at increasingly
higher LIR at higher redshift, with shifts relative to local by 0.5 and
0.8 dex in log(LIR) at redshifts z ~ 1 and z ~ 2. Corresponding SED
template calibrations are provided for use if no stellar masses are on
hand. For most of those z ~ 2 SFGs that also host an AGN, the
mid-infrared is dominated by the star-forming component.
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Galaxy evolution is a crucial topic in modern extragalactic astrophysics, linking cosmology to the Local Universe. Their study requires collecting statistically significant samples of galaxies of different luminosities at different distances. It implies the ability to observe faint objects using different techniques, and at different wavelengths
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