Bibcode
DOI
del Toro Iniesta, Jose Carlos; Bellot Rubio, Luis R.; Collados, Manuel
Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 549, Issue 1, pp. L139-L142.
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3
2001
Journal
Citations
81
Refereed citations
69
Description
We report here on the discovery of supersonic Evershed downflows in the
penumbra of a sunspot. These flows are shown to occur along spatially
unresolved, very cold magnetic flux tubes whose downflowing footpoints
are found from the middle penumbra outward. Evershed flows along
magnetic field lines returning to the solar surface were discovered by
Westendorp Plaza and coworkers, but only in the outer parts of the
penumbra and beyond its visible boundary; on the other hand, no
supersonic flows of any type have ever been reported in the photosphere
of sunspots, except for the very different case of the delta spot
analyzed by Martínez Pillet and coworkers. We present unequivocal
evidence of such supersonic motions, already predicted theoretically by
the siphon-flow model, from the interpretation of infrared
spectropolarimetric observations of a sunspot with unprecedented spatial
resolution.