We present the detection of fullerenes C60 and C70 in the star-forming region IC 348 of the Perseus molecular cloud. Mid-IR vibrational transitions of C60 and C70 in emission are found in Spitzer IRS spectra of individual stars (LRLL 1, 2, 58), in the averaged spectrum of three other cluster stars (LRLL 21, 31, and 67) and in spectra obtained at four interstellar locations distributed across the IC 348 region. Fullerene bands appear widely distributed in this region with higher strength in the lines of sight of stars at the core of the cluster. Emission features consistent with the three most intense bands of the C60+ and with one of C60- are also found in several spectra, and if ascribed to these ionized species it would imply ionization fractions at 20 and 10 per cent, respectively. The stars under consideration host protoplanetary discs, however the spatial resolution of the spectra is not sufficient to disentangle the presence of fullerenes in them. If fullerene abundances in the cloud were representative of IC 348 protoplanetary discs, C60, the more abundant of the two species, could host 0.1 per cent of the total available carbon in the discs. This should encourage dedicated searches in young discs with upcoming facilities such as the JWST. Fullerenes provide a reservoir of pentagonal and hexagonal carbon rings which could be important as building blocks of prebiotic molecules. Accretion of these robust molecules in early phases of planet formation may contribute to the formation of complex organic molecules in young planets.
Averaged Spitzer spectra in the MIR of LRLL 21, 31 and 67, solid line and 4 interstellar locations (broken line) in IC348. The location of Fullerenes, organic molecules and water are indicated.
It may interest you
-
The Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) has successfully completed a technological milestone of great significance: the “Redundancy of the RedIRIS Tenerife–La Palma Maritime and Terrestrial Optical Network” project. This new and robust optical communications network guarantees the continuity of the data highways for the Canary Islands’ observatories — the Teide Observatory (OT) in Tenerife and the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (ORM) in La Palma — ensuring their connectivity in the event of any technical or environmental contingency. This achievement is the result of a jointAdvertised on -
An international review article in which IAC researcher Jesús Falcón Barroso is a contributor, explains how the study of stellar populations in galaxies outside the Milky Way and the Local Group, using techniques which are called “extragalactic archaeology”, permits the reconstruction of the processes of formation and evolution of those galaxies. This article has been published in the Annual Review of Astronomy & Astrophysics , one of the most prestigious journals in this field, to which only five researchers of the IAC have contributed during the lifetime of the Institute. How did theAdvertised on -
An international scientific team, including members of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), has launched an ambitious program to map exoplanets located around the Neptunian Desert —a region around stars where planets the size of Neptune are very rare— in order to better understand the mechanisms of planetary system evolution and formation. This scientific expedition has delivered its first results with the observation of the TOI-421 planetary system. Analysis of this system reveals a surprisingly inclined orbital architecture, offering new insights into the chaotic history ofAdvertised on