Dr. Sergio Martínez González is a tenured researcher (Investigador Titular) at the Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE, Mexico). His research focuses on supernova feedback, hot-gas dynamics, and the evolution and survival of dust in strongly star-forming environments. His postdoctoral experience includes a research appointment at the Czech Academy of Sciences, as well as a previous six-month visit to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) in 2018, funded by the European Union’s ERASMUS+ mobility programme.

The project builds on a strong IAC–INAOE collaboration within the ESTALLIDOS8 project and focuses on supernova dust injection and survival inside massive stellar clusters, in coordination with Dr. Casiana Muñoz Tuñón. Based on a consolidated theoretical framework and recent JWST observational evidence of dust in massive extragalactic clusters, the main goal of the visit is to exploit and quantitatively extend the scenario of mechanical gas-and-dust blowout driven by the temporal sequence of supernova explosions in massive clusters. To achieve this goal, two numerical tools developed by Dr. Martínez González will be used: the new hydrodynamical code DeTONAtions and the CINDER module coupled to the AMR code FLASH. The purpose is to formulate a predictive model linking massive-cluster physics to the evolution of dust content in the early Universe, and in particular to propose a framework capable of reconciling extremely dust-poor “Blue Monsters” galaxies (redshift z ≥ 10) with the existence of dusty galaxies observed at redshift z ~ 7. The approach relies on advancing numerical solutions that include a bimodal regime regulated by blowout efficiency and dust survival. The work also provides a direct link to galaxy-in-cluster studies led by Dr. J. Alfonso L. Aguerri and to the cosmological simulations group (EAGLE/Cluster-EAGLE) led by Dr. Claudio Dalla Vecchia. With both groups, opportunities for specific follow-up studies will be explored based on the discussions established during the stay.