Molecular Gas and Dust in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time

Start year
2015
Organizational Unit
    General
    Description

    Two of the most fundamental questions in astrophysics are the conversion of molecular gas into stars and how this physical process is a function of environments on all scales, ranging from planetary systems, stellar clusters, galaxies to galaxy clusters. The main goal of this internal project is to get insight into the formation and evolution of galaxies from the cold interstellar medium. This is achieved by probing the cold molecular gas, the fuel of star formation, and dust, the by-product of this formation process, in galaxies across cosmic time. The studies are mainly based on observations in the far-infrared and radio wavelength regime with a special focus on radio interferometric observations with state-of-the art telescopes such as NOEMA, ALMA, ATCA, VLA and SMA. There will be close interrelation with other internal research projects e.g., providing our expertise on radio (interferometric) observations of galaxies. The research group will characterize the star-formation properties of massive galaxies in the distant universe at different epochs enabling us to study the formation sequence of star-forming galaxies. Furthermore, to probe the environmental-dependent evolution, the investigated sources are selected from galaxy clusters and the field. In addition, complementary studies of nearby galaxies (selected from CALIFA and WEAVE-APERTIF) serve as a local reference sample for future studies of high-redshift galaxies.

    Principal investigator
    Project staff
    1. Follow-up observations of a lensed dusty starburst galaxy at z=2.04 with the radio interferometer IRAM NOEMA discovered extreme molecular gas properties and revealed the brightest emission in molecular gas ever seen in the distant universe; Dannerbauer et al. 2019, AJ, in press (astro-ph/1812.03845)..
    2. Contrubution with several articles as co-author (part of international collaborations) of the study of galaxy cluster in formation and its members via multi-wavelenth observations.
    3. Obtaining external funding from 'plan nacional' by MINECO for 2018 and 2019 including funding of a two-years postdoc (AYA2017-84061-P: ´From the first over-densitities to proto-clusters and clusters: The role of the environment´, 141.570 Euro, IP1: H. Dannerbauer, IP2: J. M. Rodriguez-Espinosa).
    4. Obtaining observing time to continue and the finish the ATCA Large Program 'COALAS: CO ATCA Legacy Archive of Star-Forming Galaxies' (PI: Helmut Dannerbauer), in total 640 hrs. (~500.000 Euro). IRAM NOEMA Large Program ‘A Comprehensive NOEMA Redshift Survey of the Brightest Herschel Galaxies’ (CoPI: Dannerbauer) approved, 191 hrs. (~770.000 Euro).
    5. Organization of the mini-synposium 'Build-Up of Galaxy Clusters' during the IAU XXX General Assembly in Vienna in August 2018 and of the splinter meeting "Collaborative GTC-LMT project" during the GTC conference in Valencia in December 2018.

    Related publications

    • Confirming Herschel Candidate Protoclusters from ALMA/VLA CO Observations
      ALMA 870 μm continuum imaging has uncovered a population of blends of multiple dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) in sources originally detected with the Herschel Space Observatory. However, their pairwise separations are much smaller than what is found by ALMA follow-up of other single-dish surveys or expected from theoretical simulations. Using
      Gómez-Guijarro, C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      2
      2019
      Citations
      55
    • Probing the high-redshift universe with SPICA: Toward the epoch of reionisation and beyond
      With the recent discovery of a dozen dusty star-forming galaxies and around 30 quasars at z > 5 that are hyper-luminous in the infrared (μ L IR > 1013 L⊙, where μ is a lensing magnification factor), the possibility has opened up for SPICA, the proposed ESA M5 mid-/far-infrared mission, to extend its spectroscopic studies toward the epoch of
      Egami, E. et al.

      Advertised on:

      12
      2018
      Citations
      16
    • MAHALO Deep Cluster Survey II. Characterizing massive forming galaxies in the Spiderweb protocluster at z = 2.2
      This paper is the second in a series presenting the results of our deep H α-line survey towards protoclusters at z > 2, based on narrow-band imaging with the Subaru Telescope. This work investigates massive galaxies in a protocluster region associated with a radio galaxy (PKS 1138 - 262), the Spiderweb galaxy, at z = 2.2. Our 0.5 mag deeper narrow
      Shimakawa, Rhythm et al.

      Advertised on:

      12
      2018
      Citations
      46
    • The second-closest gamma-ray burst: sub-luminous GRB 111005A with no supernova in a super-solar metallicity environment
      We report the detection of the radio afterglow of a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 111005A at 5-345 GHz, including very long baseline interferometry observations with a positional error of 0.2 mas. The afterglow position is coincident with the disc of a galaxy ESO 58049 at z = 0.01326 (˜1″ from its centre), which makes GRB 111005A the second-closest
      MichałowskI, M. J. et al.

      Advertised on:

      9
      2018
      Citations
      52
    • Deciphering the Activity and Quiescence of High-redshift Cluster Environments: ALMA Observations of Cl J1449+0856 at z = 2
      We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the 870 μm continuum and CO(4-3) line emission in the core of the galaxy cluster Cl J1449+0856 at z = 2, a near-IR-selected, X-ray-detected system in the mass range of typical progenitors of today’s massive clusters. The 870 μm map reveals six F 870μm > 0.5 mJy sources spread
      Strazzullo, V. et al.

      Advertised on:

      7
      2018
      Citations
      30
    • Resolving the ISM at the Peak of Cosmic Star Formation with ALMA: The Distribution of CO and Dust Continuum in z ˜ 2.5 Submillimeter Galaxies
      We use Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of four submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ˜ 2-3 to investigate the spatially resolved properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) at scales of 1-5 kpc (0.″1-0.″6). The velocity fields of our sources, traced by the 12CO(J = 3-2) emission, are consistent with disk rotation to the first order
      Calistro Rivera, G. et al.

      Advertised on:

      8
      2018
      Citations
      105
    • An ALMA survey of CO in submillimetre galaxies: companions, triggering, and the environment in blended sources
      We present ALMA observations of the mid-J 12CO emission from six single-dish selected 870-μm sources in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South and UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey fields. These six single-dish submillimetre sources were selected based on previous ALMA continuum observations, which showed that each comprised a blend of emission from two or
      Wardlow, J. L. et al.

      Advertised on:

      9
      2018
      Citations
      30
    • Merger-driven star formation activity in Cl J1449+0856 at z = 1.99 as seen by ALMA and JVLA
      We use Atacama Large Millimetre Array and Jansky Very Large Array observations of the galaxy cluster Cl J1449+0856 at z = 1.99, in order to study how dust-obscured star formation, interstellar medium content, and active galactic nuclei activity are linked to environment and galaxy interactions during the crucial phase of high-z cluster assembly. We
      Coogan, R. T. et al.

      Advertised on:

      9
      2018
      Citations
      72
    • A simultaneous search for high-z LAEs and LBGs in the SHARDS survey
      We have undertaken a comprehensive search for both Lyman alpha emitters (LAEs) and Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) in the Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) Survey of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North field. SHARDS is a deep imaging survey, made with the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias, employing 25 medium band
      Arrabal Haro, P. et al.

      Advertised on:

      8
      2018
      Citations
      31
    • The Dust and [C II] Morphologies of Redshift ∼4.5 Sub-millimeter Galaxies at ∼200 pc Resolution: The Absence of Large Clumps in the Interstellar Medium at High-redshift
      We present deep, high-resolution (0.″03, 200 pc) ALMA Band 7 observations covering the dust continuum and [C II] λ157.7 μm emission in four z ∼ 4.4–4.8 sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) selected from the ALESS and AS2UDS surveys. The data show that the rest-frame 160 μm (observed 345 GHz) dust emission is consistent with smooth morphologies on kpc
      Gullberg, B. et al.

      Advertised on:

      5
      2018
      Citations
      78
    • Giant galaxy growing from recycled gas: ALMA maps the circumgalactic molecular medium of the Spiderweb in [C I]
      The circumgalactic medium (CGM) of the massive Spiderweb Galaxy, a conglomerate of merging proto-cluster galaxies at z = 2.2, forms an enriched interface where feedback and recycling act on accreted gas. This is shown by observations of [C I], CO(1-0), and CO(4-3) performed with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array and Australia Telescope Compact
      Emonts, B. H. C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      6
      2018
      Citations
      60
    • The EDGE-CALIFA survey: validating stellar dynamical mass models with CO kinematics
      Deriving circular velocities of galaxies from stellar kinematics can provide an estimate of their total dynamical mass, provided a contribution from the velocity dispersion of the stars is taken into account. Molecular gas (e.g. CO), on the other hand, is a dynamically cold tracer and hence acts as an independent circular velocity estimate without
      Leung, G. Y. C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      6
      2018
      Citations
      46
    • Red, redder, reddest: SCUBA-2 imaging of colour-selected Herschel sources
      High-redshift, luminous, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) constrain the extremity of galaxy formation theories. The most extreme are discovered through follow-up on candidates in large area surveys. Here, we present extensive 850 μm SCUBA-2 follow-up observations of 188 red DSFG candidates from the Herschel Multitiered Extragalactic Survey
      Duivenvoorden, S. et al.

      Advertised on:

      6
      2018
      Citations
      23
    • An Extreme Protocluster of Luminous Dusty Starbursts in the Early Universe
      We report the identification of an extreme protocluster of galaxies in the early universe whose core (nicknamed Distant Red Core, DRC, because of its very red color in Herschel SPIRE bands) is formed by at least 10 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs), spectroscopically confirmed to lie at {z}spec}=4.002 via detection of [C I](1–0), 12CO(6–5), 12CO
      Oteo, I. et al.

      Advertised on:

      3
      2018
      Citations
      157
    • Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE
      By determining the nature of all the Planck compact sources within 808.4 deg2 of large Herschel surveys, we have identified 27 candidate protoclusters of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) that are at least 3σ overdense in either 250, 350, or 500 μm sources. We find roughly half of all the Planck compact sources are resolved by Herschel into
      Greenslade, J. et al.

      Advertised on:

      5
      2018
      Citations
      37
    • A molecular gas-rich GRB host galaxy at the peak of cosmic star formation
      We report the detection of the CO(3-2) emission line from the host galaxy of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 080207 at z = 2.086. This is the first detection of molecular gas in emission from a GRB host galaxy beyond redshift 1. We find this galaxy to be rich in molecular gas with a mass of 1.1 × 10^{11} M_{{\odot }} assuming αCO = 4.36 M_{{\odot }} (K km s^
      Arabsalmani, M. et al.

      Advertised on:

      5
      2018
      Citations
      18
    • The EDGE-CALIFA survey: the influence of galactic rotation on the molecular depletion time across the Hubble sequence
      We present a kpc-scale analysis of the relationship between the molecular depletion time (τ^mol_dep) and the orbital time (τorb) across the field of 39 face-on local galaxies, selected from the EDGE-CALIFA sample. We find that, on average, 5 per cent of the available molecular gas is converted into stars per orbital time, or τ^mol_dep˜ 20 τ_orb
      Colombo, D. et al.

      Advertised on:

      4
      2018
      Citations
      54
    • The Herschel Bright Sources (HerBS): sample definition and SCUBA-2 observations
      We present the Herschel Bright Sources (HerBS) sample, a sample of bright, high-redshift Herschel sources detected in the 616.4 deg2 Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey. The HerBS sample contains 209 galaxies, selected with a 500 μm flux density greater than 80 mJy and an estimated redshift greater than 2. The sample consists of a
      Bakx, Tom J. L. C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2018
      Citations
      48
    • A dusty star-forming galaxy at z = 6 revealed by strong gravitational lensing
      Since their discovery, submillimetre-selected galaxies1,2 have revolutionized the field of galaxy formation and evolution. From the hundreds of square degrees mapped at submillimetre wavelengths3-5, only a handful of sources have been confirmed to lie at z > 5 (refs 6-10) and only two at z ≥ 6 (refs 11,12). All of these submillimetre galaxies are
      Zavala, J. A. et al.

      Advertised on:

      1
      2018
      Citations
      87
    • Molecular gas in the Herschel-selected strongly lensed submillimeter galaxies at z 2-4 as probed by multi-J CO lines
      We present the IRAM-30 m observations of multiple-J CO (Jup mostly from 3 up to 8) and [C I](3P2 → 3P1) ([C I](2-1) hereafter) line emission in a sample of redshift 2-4 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). These SMGs are selected among the brightest-lensed galaxies discovered in the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS). Forty
      Yang, C. et al.

      Advertised on:

      12
      2017
      Citations
      110

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